Crude-oil burner.



0. KIRSGHEN.

GRUDE OIL BURNER.

APPLIGATION FILED SH12. laos.

965,305. :Patented- July 26,1910.

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OSKAR KIRSGHEN, OF KOLOMEA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

CRUDE-OIL BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 26, 1910.

Application led September 29, 1909. Serial No. 520,092.

To all 'whom 'it may concern.

Be it known that I, OsKAR KIRsorrsN, physician, subject of the Emperor of Austria* Hungary, and residing at Kolomea, Galicia, Austria-IIungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Crude Gil Burners, of which the following is a specification.

rlhis invention relates to a device whereby crude oil (petroleum) may be employed as fuel in the usual heating stoves and kitchen ranges, without necessitating structural alterations in said stoves or ranges or of removing the usual grate, so that one and the same appliance can be used successively for various stoves.

The device comprises essentially a receptacle for crude oil, which is introduced into the fire chamber of the stove, and is preferably of an oblong shape and divided by a vertical partition, leaving passages between its lower part and the bottom of the receptacle, into a closed storage chamber provided with a vapor outlet, and a combustion chamber open at the top but having disposed a short distance above it a distributer plate. The combustion chamber is traversed by one or more air chambers, open at their lower ends and provided on the sides with air-admission apertures, for the purpose of driving the flame outward, against the sides of the fire chamber of the stove, by means of air issuing from the holes. This appliance is inserted into the stove or range with the closed storage chamber foremost, so that the air chambers of the combustion chamber are above the grate, thus permitting the air ascending through the grate to enter the air chambers.

Referring to the drawings which form a part of this specification: Figure 1. is a vcrtical longitudinal section taken centrally through Fig. 9., and Fig. 2. is a vertical cross-section through the combustion chamber taken on the line 2k2 of Fig. l.

The receptacle A which serves to contain the crude oil, is made of any suitable material, preferably cast iron, and of any suit-- able size. The receptacle is preferably of rectangular shape, and divided bymeans of a partition a, extending downwardly to a short distance above the bottom of the receptacle, into a combustion chamber A, open at the top, and a storage chamber A2, closed at the top by a cover I). The storage chamber communicates with the combustion chamber A through the narrow slot c left between the partition a and the bottom of the receptacle. The partition a may also be joined to the bottom of the receptacle,and provided, near the latter, with apertures whereby a communication is established. The combustion chamber A is traversed by an air chamber d, open at the bottom and tapering toward the top, and provided, on its two long sides, just below its cover or top cl, with one or more rows of air admission apertures e. Apertures may also be formed in the top or cover cl but in most cases the apertures c provided in the long sides will be sufficient to permit the smokeless combustion of the crude oil. Below the apertures e on each side wall, a rib f is formed up to the level of which the receptacle A may be lled with liquid fuel.

A ledge or iange g is provided on the transverse partition a, to form a support for a distributer or spreader plate 7L, arranged above t-he combustion chamber A and which spreader is supported on the other side by projections L arranged on its underside, on the side wall of the receptacle.

The bottom of the storage chamber A2 may be arranged so as to slope down toward the combustion chamber A. The cover or top l) of the storage chamber A2 is provided with a cleaning hole closed by a screw-cover z', in which an aperture 7c is arranged for the discharge of the oil vapors developed in the storage chamber A2.

Charging the receptacle A with. the fuel is effected by pouring it into the combustion chamber A, the crude oil being at the same level in both chambers of the receptacle. The receptacle having been filled with crude oil, up to, but not beyond the level of the ribs j', and the distributer plate 7L having been put on, the device is then introduced, with the storage chamber A2 foremost, as aforesaid through the fire door into the fire chamber of the stove or range, so that the air-chamber (Z of the combustion chamber is placed above the grate, and the crude oil in the combustion chamber is ignited. The draft of air ascending through the grate passes through the apertures e of the airchamber into the combustion chamber, driving the llames outward, underneath the distributer plate it, toward the walls of the re chamber of the stove. In proportion as the oil is consumed, more fuel will flow from the storage chamber into the combustion chamber, while the level of the liquid will steadily go down in both chambers, but the fuel contained in the storage chamber A2 will remain withdrawn from the immediate action of the flames of the combustion chamber as long as the level of the liquid has not fallen below the lower margin of the partition a. When the level of the liquid has fallen so far, however, the storage chamber A2, owing to its slanting bottom, will contain only an infinitesimal quantity of fuel, so that there can be scarcely any action, to speak of, of the flame upon the storage chamber. rlhis bi-section of the fuel receptacle so as to form a storage chamber and a combustion chamber is important, as it permits the employment of a comparatively small combustion surface 'and also the apparatus to be of such height as to enable the device to be introduced through the fire door of the stove, without any necessity for recharging with fuel when large stoves have to be heated, as the fuel can be stored in a sufficient quantity in the storage chamber. Further the employment of the storage chamber has the advantage that the crude oil is heated before it flows into the combustion chamber, and combustion is promoted.

It may be added that leaving the grate in the stove is not by any means a necessary prerequisite for the use of the heating arrangement described, but may be looked upon. as a considerable progress to be real-I ized by means of the invention. The arrangement might if desired be built into the stove after removing the grate, but this arrangement is objectionable from av practical point of view. Lastly it should be noted that the heating arrangement can also be used for smokeless combustion of other fuels similar in their properties to crude oil.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A crude oil burner composed of a receptacle, a partition in the receptacle dividing same into a combustion chamber and an oil storage chamber, means for establishing communication between said chambers, an air chamber which has communication with the outer air and which is disposed to project within the combustion chamber so as to be surrounded by the oil therein, said air chamber having air outlets adjacent its top, and a spreader plate arranged over said combustion chamber.

2. A crude oil burner composed of a receptacle, a vertical partition in the receptacle dividing same into a combustion chamber and an oil storage chamber, means for establishing communication between said chambers, means for feeding air into the combustion chamber arranged to be surrounded by the oil therein, and a spreader plate overlying the combustion chamber.

3. A crude oil' burner including a receptacle divided into communicating storage and combustion chambers, means to feed air to the combustion chamber composed of an open-bottomed air chamber which projects upwardly into the combustion chamber and is formed with air egress ports along its side walls, and a rib formed on the side walls of the combustion chamber below said air egress ports.

1l. A crude oil burner composed of a receptacle divided into communicating storage and combustion chambers, means to feed air to the combustion chamber, consisting of a hollow airrchamber which has communication with the outer air and which has air outlet openings formed in its sides, and a spreader Vplate overlying said air chamber and disposed to allow of the egress of the products of combustion at the sides and outer end of the combustion chamber.

5. In a crude oil burner, a receptacle divided into communicating storage and combustion chambers, the top of said storage chamber being formed with an opening, a closure for the opening having a vapor outlet therein, means to feed air to the combustion chamber, and a spreader plate overlying the air feeding means and having downward projections which rest on the top of the combustion chamber and space the spreader plate therefrom to allow of egress of the products of combustion.

ln testimony whereof I afliX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

OSKAR KIRSCHEN. 

